The earliest known use of wampum, which are strings of beads made from clam shells, was by North American Indians in 1535. Most likely, this monetary medium existed well before this date.

Wampum are tubular beads made from white and purple quahog shells. In addition to being used ornamentally or ceremonially, wampum were also woven into belts as mnemonic devices in history ...

It is not the only item from nature to have been used as money. Wampum, a type of shell bead, were used as currency by Native Americans while whale teeth were exchanged for goods by people in Fiji.

Collectible monies such as wampum (shell beads) also served as money for trade with Native Americans. But commodity money, or paper money backed by commodities, did not allow for quick expansion of ...

21 about a shell bead unearthed in a dig at the Sakitari Cave site in Nanjo, Okinawa Prefecture, eight years ago. “There have been examples of colored beads found in Southeast Asia and Australia ...

To solidify the Two Row Wampum, the Haudenosaunee created a belt of white beads with two purple lines running parallel to one another. The white beads represented the water, and the two lines of ...

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Roula Khalaf, Editor of the FT, selects her favourite stories in this weekly newsletter. Shell is planning to cut a fifth of its workforce in two oil and gas exploration divisions, as a cost ...

Shell is to scale back its oil and gas exploration and development workforce by 20pc as chief executive Wael Sawan widens his cost-saving drive. The cuts to the highly profitable division come ...

Shell Plc is set to cut around 20% of its workforce in some oil and gas exploration and development divisions as Chief Executive Officer Wael Sawan works to boost efficiency and profitability. It ...